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2006年股东大会 · 巴菲特:为何不投科技股?因为它对我来说“太难了”

52 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 5:05
F1
F10:01

大家好,我叫 Andy Pollin,来自 Michigan 的 Adrian。

Hello, my name is Andy Pollin from Adrian, Michigan.

再次感谢你们邀请我来 Omaha。

Thank you once again for having me to Omaha.

我的问题是问 Warren 的,不过 Charlie 也请你一起说说看法。

My question is for Warren, but Charlie, please add your thoughts as well.

Warren,我听你很多次说过,你不懂 technology,这方面你要依赖 Bill,这也没问题。

Warren, I've heard you say many times that you don't understand technology and that you rely on Bill for that, and that's fine.

而且我从今年的短片里看出来,你也在学了,所以这很好。

And I see from this year's movie that you're learning, so that's good.
M1
M10:25

慢慢来。

Slowly.
F1
F10:27

我挺想听听,到目前为止,你对其他 information technology 公司都了解了些什么。

Curious to hear what you've learned so far about the other information technology companies.
M1
M10:34

Charlie 和我都有自己的能力圈,这个能力圈让我们能够评估某一些类型的企业,但也有非常多企业是我们没法评估的。

Charlie and I have circles of competence that extend to evaluating a number of types of businesses, and there are a whole lot of businesses that we won't be able to evaluate.

其中有些企业,我觉得——我是说,我觉得真正能评估的人非常少。

Some of them I don't think— I think very few people can evaluate.

我的意思是,一旦你离开了——一旦你进入那种未来很可能会和现在非常不一样的行业,嗯,也许有少数人对它有非常深刻的洞见,但我们肯定没有。

I mean, you get outside of— you just get into businesses where the future is so likely to be different than the present, uh, that maybe there's a few people have great insights on it, but we sure don't.

我们最擅长的,是那种我们可以判断:五年后、十年后,它们看起来还会和现在相当像的企业。

We are best at the businesses where we can come to a judgment that they're going to look a good bit like they do now 5 years from now, 10 years from now.

它们会更大,也会做一些不一样的事,但基本面会是一样的。

They'll be bigger, they'll be doing different things, but the fundamentals will be the same.

Iscar 五年后会是一家更大的公司,也许会大很多,而且我们也可能有机会做一些有意思的收购。

Iscar will be a bigger company 5 years from now, maybe a much bigger company, and we may get a chance to do interesting acquisitions.

但你在那里看到的那些基本面,不会变。

But what you saw there, the fundamentals won't change.

人们思考问题的方式不会变。

The way that people think won't change.

我可以举出不少企业,它们注定会发生巨大的变化。

I can name a number of businesses that are bound to change dramatically.

我是说,光想想 telecom 行业在过去十五年到二十年里变化有多大,就已经很惊人了。

I mean, when you think of how much the telecom business, for example, has changed over the last 15 or 20 years, it's startling.
M2
M21:46

对。

Yeah.
M1
M11:47

但即使事后回头看,你也还是有点难判断,到底谁会赚到所有的钱,诸如此类。

But even with hindsight, you know, it's a little hard to figure out, you know, who was going to make all the money and so on.

这——有些游戏就是太难了。

It's— there's just games that are too tough.

Charlie 说过,我们公司里有三个盒子:in、out,还有 too hard。

Charlie says, you know, we've got 3 boxes at the company: in, out, and too hard.

很多事情最后都会进到 too hard 那一堆里,而这并不会让我们困扰。

And a lot of things end up in the too hard pile, and it doesn't bother us.

你知道,我们没必要什么都做得好。

You know, we don't have to be able to do everything well.

如果你去参加 Olympics,你知道,如果你一百米跑得很好,你就不一定非得去扔铅球。

If you go to the Olympics, you know, if you can run the 100-meter well, you don't have to throw the shot put.

你知道,别的人可以去扔铅球,而如果你一百米跑得足够快,你照样还是能拿到金牌。

You know, some other guy can throw the shot put and you'll still get a gold ribbon, you know, if you run the 100-meter fast enough.

所以我们——我们会尽量待在自己的能力圈里面。

So we, we try to stay within the circle of competence.

很多年前,Tom Watson Sr.——我想是 Sr.——对,Tom Watson Sr. 说过一句话:我不是天才,但我在某些点上很聪明,而且我会待在那些点附近。

Tom Watson Sr.— I think it was Sr.— yeah, Tom Watson Sr., many years ago said, I'm no genius, but I'm smart in spots and I stay around those spots.

嗯,这其实聪明得不得了。

Well, that was pretty damn smart, you know.

而且,嗯,我们发现我们很多经理人也一样,他们并不觉得自己能解决世界上所有问题,但他们经营自己的企业经营得特别出色。

And, and, uh, we have found a lot of our managers who don't think, you know, they can solve every problem in the world, but they run their businesses extraordinarily well.

嗯,我是说,你可不会想——Frank Martin 提到了 Forest River——你可不会想跑去跟 Pete Liegl 在他的生意里竞争。

Uh, I mean, you do not want to— Frank Martin mentioned Forest River— you do not want to go and compete with Pete Liegl in, in his business.

你知道,他会狠狠干掉你。

He's going to kill you, you know.

而且,呃,他非常非常非常厉害,但他不会跑来跟我们说保险业务该怎么经营,因为那不是他的领域。

And, uh, he's very, very, very good, but he doesn't come around and try and tell us how to run the insurance business because that's not his game.

我们找的是那种在自己懂的事情上非常厉害的人。至于——嗯,我——你刚才提到 Intel,我记得。我们完全不会因为这个就有什么自卑感。

We look for people that are very good at things they understand, and we don't get any inferiority complex at all about the fact that—well, I—you mentioned Intel, I believe.

我几乎算是亲历了 Intel 诞生的时候,因为我当时在 Grinnell 的董事会里,而 Bob Noyce 是 Grinnell 的董事长。

I was virtually there at the birth of Intel because I was on the board of Grinnell, and Bob Noyce was the chairman of the board at Grinnell.

后来我们——在 Grinnell,我们买了他们最早发行的债券,价值三十万美元。

And we bought—at Grinnell, we bought $300,000 worth of their original debentures.

而且,你知道,我认识 Bob。

And, you know, I knew Bob.

我觉得他是个非常非常聪明的人,但当时我一点都不知道该怎么判断 Intel 的未来,现在说真的,我也还是不知道。

I thought he was a very, very smart guy, but I wouldn't have had the faintest idea how to evaluate the future of Intel then, and I really don't have it now, you know.

我想,光是过去这几年 AMD 的情况,还有他们自己业务里发生的那些事,可能连他们自己都经历了一些意想不到的变化。

And I think they probably had a few surprises themselves in the last few years with AMD and what's been happening in their business.

但五年后会是什么样子,我完全不知道。

But what that's going to look like in 5 years, I don't have any idea.

而且我也不太确定,就算你身处这个行业,你是不是真的能准确知道五年后会是什么样。

And I'm not so sure if you were in the industry you'd know exactly what it was going to look like in 5 years.

有些生意就是非常非常难预测。

Some businesses just are very, very hard to predict.

Charlie?

Charlie?
M2
M24:09

对,去年有一位外国记者,在仔细观察了我们之后,大意是这么说的:你们看起来好像也没聪明到能比别人做得好这么多。

Yeah, one of the foreign correspondents last year, after looking at us carefully, said in effect, you guys don't seem smart enough to do so much better than other people as you're doing.
M1
M14:25

他看的是我,还是你啊,Charlie?

Was he looking at me or you, Charlie?
M2
M24:27

两个都看了。

Both.

你有解释吗?

Have you got an explanation?

于是我们说,我们比大多数人都更清楚自己能力圈的边界在哪里。

And we said, we know the edge of our competency better than most people do.

知道自己能力边界在哪里,是一件非常有用的事。

It's a very useful thing to know the edge of your competency.

而且我总是说,那不叫 competency。

And I always say it's not a competency.
M1
M14:54

这个我得稍微想一想。

I'll have to think about that a little bit.

Bill 之后会给我解释的。

Bill will explain it to me later.

请第七区提问。

Area 7, please.