F1
F10:00
你怎么改变一个组织的文化？
How do you change the culture of an organization?
如果你是在建立一个新组织，那你怎么确保它有一种强大而且独特的文化？
And if you're building a new organization, then how do you make sure you have a strong and unique culture?
M1
M10:10
嗯，我觉得，围绕一种文化去建立一个新组织，要比改变一个现有组织的文化容易得多。
Well, I think it's a lot easier to build a new organization around a culture than it is to change the culture of an existing organization.
这，这真的非常难，而我其实挺喜欢这一点。
It, it is really tough, and I like that fact.
就 Berkshire 来说。
In the sense of Berkshire.
我的意思是，要改变 Berkshire 的文化会非常难。
I mean, it would be very tough to change the culture of Berkshire.
这种文化已经深深植入我们所有经理人和所有者心里了。
It's so ingrained in all our managers, our owners.
这个地方的一切，实际上都是为了强化一种文化而设计的。
Everything about the place is designed, in effect, to reinforce a culture.
如果有人进来，想要大幅改变它，呃，我觉得这种文化基本上会把这种做法排斥掉。
And for anybody to come in and try and change it very much, uh, I think the culture would basically reject it.
你刚才说的那个问题，就是如果你想走进，嗯，你知道，不管你想举哪一种组织做例子。
And the problem you describe of if you want to walk into, um, you know, whatever kind of organization you want to name.
我最好还是稍微谨慎一点。
I better be a little careful here.
呃，要改变文化是很难的。
Uh, it is tough to change cultures.
Charlie 和我都在这件事上碰过几次壁。我要说的是，如果你在这件事上有任何选择，我，我，我还是更愿意从零开始，围绕它把整个东西建起来。
Charlie and I have bumped up against that a few times, and I would say if you have any choice in the matter, I would, I would, I would much rather start from scratch and build it around it.
不过那是因为，我在 Berkshire 身上有时间这个优势。
But that was the— I've had the luxury of time with Berkshire.
我的意思是，这得追溯到一九六五年，而且，而且那时候其实几乎什么都没有，你知道，除了几家纺织厂。
I mean, it goes back to 1965, and and there really wasn't much of anything there, and, you know, except some textile mills.
所以我，我不需要去对抗任何既有的东西。
So I didn't, I didn't have to fight anything.
随着我们不断加入新的公司，它们彼此之间是互补的，而且它们也认同某种让自己感觉良好的东西。
And as we added companies, they became complementary, and they bought into something that they felt good about.
而且，呃，这花了几十年。
And, uh, but it took decades.
还有，呃，在 Salomon 那边，我也试着在某些方面改变一种文化，但如果看结果的话，我不会给自己打 A+。
And, uh, you know, at Salomon I attempted to change a culture in terms of some respects, and I would not grade myself A+ in terms of the result.
Charlie？
Charlie?
M2
M21:55
嗯，一个人说他到了一个新地方，如果不改变那里的文化就没法成功，还想让我们告诉他该怎么改文化，我听了还真有点受宠若惊。
Well, I'm quite flattered that a man would say that he's in a new place where he can't succeed unless he changes the culture, and he wants us to tell him how to change the culture.
换成你这个处境，我——我的失败率是百分之百。
In your position, I— my failure rate has been 100%.
M1
M12:12
对，而且 Charlie 当年也办过一家律师事务所，你知道，那得追溯到哪年，1962 年吗，Charlie，还是哪一年？
And yeah, Charlie started a law firm, you know, go back to what, 1962, Charlie, or what was it?
M2
M22:18
对，我，我可以搬出去，但我没法改变那里的文化。
Yeah, I, I could move out, but I couldn't change the culture.