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2001年股东大会 · 巴菲特:我尽量避免与不好的管理层合作

31 段 · 2 位说话人 · 原片 3:14
M1
M10:01

大家下午好。

Good afternoon.
M2
M20:02

我叫 Pavel Bigan。

My name is Pavel Bigan.

我来自 Belarus 的 Minsk,我有两个问题。

I'm from Minsk, Belarus, and I have 2 questions.

在、呃、在我向你们提问之前,我想先谢谢你们推荐去读 The Intelligent Investor。

And before, uh, before I have questions for you, I'd like to say thank you for recommending to read The Intelligent Investor.

这、这真的是一本非常棒的书,几乎可以说是一夜之间就彻底改变了我。

It's, it's a terrific book and it reshaped me tremendously, literally overnight.

所以我想为这件事谢谢你们。

So I'd like to thank you for that.

那现在说到问题。

And now the question.

假设我是这家企业的所有者,这家企业有持久的竞争优势,有更优秀的商业模式,而且是由有能力的人在经营。

Say I'm an owner of the business and the business has a durable competitive advantage and superior business model and is run by able people.

然后,你知道,我开始注意到,管理层基本上开始在做一些很不明智的事情。

And then, you know, I start noticing that basically management starts doing things which are far from intelligent.

那作为所有者、作为投资者,我应该怎么做呢?

So what should I do as an owner, as an investor?

我应该试着告诉他们企业该怎么经营,还是我就退后一点,什么都不做?

Should I try to tell them how they should run the business, or should I just sit back and do nothing?

因为优秀的商业模式应该能够克服糟糕的管理。

Because superior business model should overcome poor management.

这是第一个问题。

That's the first question.
M1
M10:57

关于你的第一个问题,你的前提是你控制这家公司,还是说你只是持有可交易证券?

On your first question, did you assume that you had control of the business or you just owned a marketable security?
M2
M21:03

对,如果我持有,比如说,百分之二十的可交易证券。

Yes, if I own, say, 20% of marketable securities.
M1
M11:08

嗯,你描述的这种情况,在第一种意义上并不是假设性的。我会说,Charlie 和我过去的经历是这样的:我们试图说服一些本来还算正派、聪明,但我们认为正在做不明智事情的人改变他们的做法,而这个记录并不好。

Well, the situation you described is not hypothetical in the first case, and I would say that the history that Charlie and I have had of persuading decent, intelligent people who we thought were doing unintelligent things to change their course of action has been poor.

Charlie,你同意吗,还是不同意?

Would you agree with that, Charlie, or no?
M2
M21:36

比不好还糟。

Worse than poor.
M1
M11:38

对。

Yeah.

所以我会说,如果你真的认为,你是和一群手里有好生意、但却会继续拿你的钱做蠢事的人在一起,那你很可能最好还是退出,去找那些同样有好生意,而且你认为会理性经营它的人。

So I would say that if you really think you're in with people that have got a good business but they're going to keep doing dumb things with your money, you'll probably do better to get out and get in with people who've got a good business and you think they're going to do sensible things with it.

我是说,你有这个选择。

I mean, you've got that option.

当然,你也可以试着说服他们改变主意,但那真的、真的非常困难。

Now, you also have the option of trying to persuade them to change their mind, but it's just very, very difficult.

我是说,这个,呃,呃,你知道,这是我们五十年来一直在面对的事情。

I mean, it is, uh, uh, you know, that's been something we've faced for 50 years.

而且一开始,我们面对这个问题时,根本没人知道我们到底是谁,或者诸如此类的任何情况。

And initially, we faced it from a position where nobody even knew who the hell we were or anything of the sort.

不过随着时间推移,也许我们在谈这个话题上已经有了一定分量,我们也写过这方面的东西,但我们依然很难真正改变多少。

But we've acquired a certain stature over time, perhaps, in talking on the subject, and we've written on the subject, and we still don't get very far.

我的意思是,人们要是想做什么,他们就是想做什么。

I mean, when people want to do something, they want to do something.

他们可不是一路做到公司 CEO,就为了让某个股东来告诉他们,他们最近的那个主意很蠢。

And they didn't rise to become the CEO of a company to have some shareholder tell them that their most recent idea is dumb.

我的意思是——那、那根本不是那种能爬到顶层的人。

I mean, that is— that is just not the type that gets to the top.

所以我会说,从投资技巧的角度讲,也许从避免生活里各种压力之类的角度讲,也是一样——再加上如果你持有的是规模更小的仓位,买卖起来也更容易,诸如此类——我会说,和一个你能合得来的管理层站在一起,要比单纯待在一家很棒的企业里、却看着管理层不断做一些在你看来没什么道理的事,要更好。

So, I would say that as a matter of investment technique, and maybe as a matter of, you know, avoiding stress in your life and all that sort of thing, that it's— and dealing with smaller quantities of stock so it's easier to sell and buy and all that sort of thing— I would say that it's better to be in with a management you're simpatico with than simply to be in a great business where the management has gone on doing things that don't make much sense, uh, to you.

Charlie?

Charlie?
M2
M23:12

嗯,我当然同意这一点。

Well, I certainly agree with that.