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2018年股东大会 · 世界已经如此糟心,为何巴菲特坚信美国的明天会更好

54 段 · 2 位说话人 · 原片 6:11
F1
F10:00

好,这个问题来自 Dave Shane。

All right, this question comes from Dave Shane.

他说,Warren,你一直非常相信美国的政治制度、金融体系,还有每一个美国人。

He says, Warren, you are a big believer in the US political system, the financial system, and in every American.

你说过,不管谁当总统,从长期来看,美国经济和美国消费者都会继续繁荣。

You've said that regardless of who is president, the economy and the US consumer will continue to prosper over the long run.

那说到这里,你觉得这个国家现在的人,比起五十年前,是不是更分裂了?还是说,只是 social media 和媒体整体上把这种分裂给夸大了?

All that said, do you believe that people in this country are more divided today than 50 years ago, or is it just social media and media in general that blows this divide out of proportion?

如果你确实觉得这种分裂加深了,那你有没有什么智慧之言,或许能帮助缓解这种情况?

And if you do believe the divide has grown, what words of wisdom do you have to possibly help remedy it?
M1
M10:34

我会这么说:我这一生里,有很多很多次,人们都觉得这个国家比以往任何时候都更分裂。我也经历过一些时期,我认识并且敬佩的人会觉得,因为另一个党在台上了,所以以后再也不会有下一次选举了,Constitution 会——反正什么说法我都听过。

I would say this: multiple times in my life, people felt the country was more divided than ever, and I've gone through periods where people I knew and admired thought that because the other party was in power, that there never would be another election, that the Constitution would— I've heard everything.

现在,有意思的是这份一九四二年的报纸。

Now, the interesting thing is this paper from 1942.

从那以后,美国已经有过十四位总统了。

Since then, there have been 14 American presidents.

就从我十一岁第一次闯进股市开始算起,在美国历史上一共四十四位总统里,我已经经历了其中十四位。

Just since my young venture into the stock market at 11, I've lived under 14 of the 44 presidents the United States has had.

他们把 Trump 叫作第四十五任,但因为他们把 Grover Cleveland 算了两次,所以美国其实总共只有四十四位总统。

Now, they call Trump 45, but they count Grover Cleveland twice, so there's really only been 44 presidents of the United States.

而就在这一段时期里,这一万美元变成了五千一百万美元,这期间经历了四十四位总统中的十四位。

And 14 of the 44 have been during this period when that $10,000 became $51 million.

其中七位是 Republican,七位是 Democrat。

7 have been Republicans, 7 have been Democrats.

有一位遇刺身亡,有一位辞职了。

One has been assassinated, one has resigned.

是在压力之下辞职的。

Under pressure.

这个制度是行得通的。

It works.

如果你一开始就告诉我,说你会经历 Cuban Missile Crisis,会有 nuclear weapons,会有二零零八年的恐慌,金融恐慌,还会有很多次经济衰退,还会有六十年代末那种因为国家分裂而出现的街头战争,那你会说,你他妈为什么还要买股票?

If you'd told me at the start that you'd have a Cuban Missile Crisis and you'd have nuclear weapons and you'd have a panic in 2008, financial panic, and you'd have many recessions and you'd have war in the streets in the late '60s from a divided country, you'd say, why the hell are you buying stocks?

可这一切一路走过来,你知道,美国虽然跌跌撞撞,但美国确实、确实一直在向前。

And through it all, you know, America in fits and starts, but America really, really moves ahead.

而且,呃,我们总是——我们连 Civil War 都挺过来了。

And, uh, we are always— we survived the Civil War.

我的意思是,是啊,真不愿意去想非得用那种方式才行,但这个国家,如果往回算不到我三辈子的时间——如果按我三个人生长度往回推的话。

I mean, yeah, hate to think of having to do it that way, but this country, in only less than 3 of my lifetimes, if you go back 3 of my lifetimes.

呃,往回推大概二百六十三年吧,那时候 Thomas Jefferson 才十二岁。

Uh, you go back 263 years, I guess, and Thomas Jefferson is 12 years old.

而这也才只是三个我的人生长度。

And that's just 3.

而那时候这里什么都没有。

And there was nothing here.

你看,你们今天都是从各地飞来 Omaha 的,飞越的是一个拥有超过七千五百万套自住房、两亿六千万辆机动车,还有顶尖大学、医疗体系以及各种完善设施的国家。

It, you know, you've flown in from all over to Omaha today, and you flew over a country with more than 75 million owner-occupied homes and 260 million vehicles and great universities and medical systems and everything.

而这一切,都是在不到我三辈子的时间里净增长出来的。

And it's all a net gain in less than 3 of my lifetimes.

所以,从我买第一只股票开始到现在,我们经历过这些事情。

So, and we've had these events since I started buying my first stock.

这个国家真的、真的行得通,而且它永远都会有很多分歧。

This country really, really works, and it always will have lots of disagreements.

每次选举之后,你都会看到有人觉得世界要完了,会说,怎么会发生这种事?

And after every election, you'll have people feeling the world is coming to an end, and, you know, how could this happen?

我还记得一九五二年,我未来的岳父想在我和他女儿结婚之前,先跟我谈一谈。

And I remember my future father-in-law in 1952, he wanted to have a talk with me before his daughter and I got married.

所以我有点不太情愿地坐下来,他对我说,Warren,有一件事我就是想告诉你。

So kind of reluctantly, I sat down with him, and he said, Warren, he said, there's just one thing I want to tell you.

他说,你会失败的。

He said, you're going to fail.

他说,你知道,Democrats 就要上台了,你知道,他们会接管这个国家,然后你就要失败了。不过你别觉得这是你的责任,因为这不是你的错。

He said, you know, the Democrats are going to get in, you know, they're going to take over the country, and you're going to fail, but don't feel responsible for it because it's not your fault.

我的意思是,他是想让我别再有那种感觉,觉得他女儿快要饿死了这件事是我的错。

I mean, he wanted to absolve me from this feeling that while his daughter was starving to death, it was my fault.

而我还是一直在买股票,而且一直都做得稍微更好一点。

And I kept buying stocks and doing a little bit better all the time.

但是,如果 Republicans 在台上,那就没问题,而且我过得好也是因为他们。

But, and if the Republicans were in, it was okay, and it was because of them that I was doing well.

可要是他们下台了,

And if they were out.

那就别想了。

Forget it.

这一切都会消失。

It was all going to disappear.

所以这些年来,我见过很多美国的公众舆论。

So I've been— I've seen a lot of American public opinion over the years.

我也看过很多媒体评论。

I've seen a lot of media commentary.

我也看过那些新闻标题。

I've seen the headlines.

可等你把这一切都看完以后,你会发现,这个国家的人均 GDP,呃,已经是我出生那会儿的六倍了。

And when you get all through with it, this country has 6 times the per capita GDP, uh, that it had when I was born.

就一个人的一生而已。

One person's lifetime.

整整翻了六倍。

Six-for-one change.

这个房间里基本上每一个人,现在在很多方面都过得比 John D. Rockefeller Sr. 更好;在我小时候,他可是世界上最富有的人。

Everybody in this room essentially is living better in multiple ways than John D. Rockefeller Sr. was, who was the richest person, you know, in the world during my early years.

而且,而且我们所有人的生活都比他当年能过上的更好。

And, and we're all living better than he could live.

所以这是一个非常了不起、非常了不起的国家,而我们也找到了一些非常特别的东西。

So this is a remarkable, remarkable, uh, country, and we found something very special.

我很愿意今天出生在美国,当一个婴儿。

I would love to be a baby being born in the United States today.

Charlie,好,Charlie,不过这个问题你也说说另一面吧。

Charlie, okay, Charlie, you give the other side of this though.

嗯,人们总有一种倾向,觉得我们现在的政客比过去任何时候的都糟得多,但我们往往会忘了,过去的政客其实也糟糕得很。

Well, there's a tendency to think that our present politicians are much worse than any we had in the past, but we tend to forget how awful our politicians were in the past.

我还记得,有一位很有名的 senator 曾经一本正经地争辩说,那些平庸的人也应该在 United States Supreme Court 里得到更多代表性。

I can remember a prominent senator arguing with an absolute earnestness that mediocre people ought to have more representation on the United States Supreme Court.

对,顺便说一句,他是 Nebraska 来的,对吧?

Yeah, he came from Nebraska, incidentally, right?

对。

He did.

他是 Nebraska 来的。

He came from Nebraska.

所以我们还没糟到那个地步。

So we're not quite as bad as that yet.