← 返回任务列表

1996年股东大会 · 巴菲特:不要等股市大跌,才去买伟大的公司

48 段 · 2 位说话人 · 原片 4:32
M1
M10:00

我的问题是,我手上有资金可以投资,但我现在还没有投出去。

And my question is, I have capital to invest, but I haven't yet invested it.

我已经找出了三家很棒的公司:Coca-Cola、Gillette,还有 McDonald's。

I have 3 great companies which I've identified: Coca-Cola, Gillette, and McDonald's.

我的问题是,如果我未来还有很长的人生,而且我想把钱投进去,持有二十年、三十年以上,那是更应该再等一两年,看看这些公司里有没有哪一家会跌一跤,还是说现在就买进去,然后长期一直拿着更好?

And my question is, if I have a lifetime ahead of me which I want to keep and invest for more than 20 or 30 years, is it better to wait a year or 2 to see if one of those companies stumbles, or, or to get in now and just stay with it over a long time horizon?
M2
M20:25

对。

Yeah.

对。

Yeah.

嗯,我不评论你刚才点名的那三家公司,不过一般来说,除非你觉得一家伟大公司的价格贵得实在让人受不了;如果你觉得你已经找到了它,而且按定义来说,伟大的公司就是那种三十年后依然会很伟大的公司。

Well, I won't comment on the 3 companies that you've named, but in general terms, unless you find the prices of a great company really offensive, if you feel you've identified it, and by definition, a great company is one that's going to remain great for 30 years.

如果它只是未来三年会很棒,你知道,那它就不算什么伟大的公司。

If it's going to be great, a great company for 3 years, you know, it ain't a great company.

我的意思是——我觉得,最好的做法就是直接持有它们。

I mean, it— I think it's better just to own them.

我的意思是,你知道,我们当然可以试着去买进卖出我们持有的一些公司,这些公司我们认为都是很不错的生意,但真正的问题是,这样的公司太难找了。

I mean, you know, we could, we could attempt to buy and sell some of the things that we own that we think are fine businesses, but they're too hard to find.

我的意思是,我们在一九七二年找到了 See's Candies,偶尔这里那里也会碰到一些机会去做点什么,但这样的机会太难找了。

I mean, we found See's Candies in 1972, where we find here and there we get the opportunity to do something, but they're too hard to find.

所以说,坐在那里盼着在某种恐慌最厉害的时候买进它们,你知道,那种心态就有点像殡仪馆的人盼着来一场流感大流行之类的。

So, to sit there and hope that you buy them in the throes of some panic, you know, that you'd sort of take the attitude of a mortician, you know, waiting for a flu epidemic or something.

我的意思是,我不确定——我不确定那会是个多高明的办法。

I mean, I'm not sure that— I'm not sure that will be a great technique.

我的意思是,如果是继承来的,那倒可能很棒。

I mean, it may be great if you inherit it.

你知道,Paul Getty 就是在三二年那个低点的时候拿到了钱。

You know, Paul Getty inherited the money at the bottom in '32.

我是说,他也不完全算是继承来的。

I mean, he didn't inherit it exactly.

是他把他母亲说服了,把钱给了他,不过——你刚才说到哪儿了?

He talked his mother out of it, but— Where were you?

这其实是真的。

It's true, actually.
M1
M11:44

也差不多啦。

Close enough.
M2
M21:44

对,差不多,是吧?

Yeah, close enough, right?

他之所以获益巨大,是因为在一九三零年代初,他手上能动用大量现金,而在二十年代末的时候,他并没有这样的现金可用。

He benefited enormously by having access to a lot of cash in 19— in the early '30s that he didn't have access to in the late '20s.

所以,像这种意外情况,确实是会有的。

And so, you get some accidents like that.

但你要指望这个,代价就太大了。

But that's a lot to count on.

而且,你知道,如果 Dow 一开始在 X 的位置,而你——而你觉得它太高了,那等它跌到 X 的百分之九十时,你会买吗?

And, you know, if you start with the Dow at X and you're— and you think it's too high, you know, when it goes to 90% of X, do you buy?

那好,就算你买了,可要是它后来又跌到 X 的百分之五十呢,它就会变得——

Well, if it does and it goes to 50% of X, it gets—.
M1
M12:15

你还是会买。

You buy.
M2
M22:16

你知道,反正那种极端低点带来的好处,你通常也享受不到,除非你刚好在某个时点意外得到一大笔钱。

You know, you never get the benefit of those extremes anyway unless you just come into some accidental sum of money at some time.

所以,我觉得最重要的事情,还是找到那些非常出色的生意。

So, I think the main thing to do is find wonderful businesses.

Phil Carret 今天在场吗?

Is Phil Carret here?

我们这儿有全世界——对,那位就是投资界的英雄。

We've got the world— yeah, there's the hero of investing.

Phil,你能站起来一下吗?

Phil, would you stand up?

Phil 现在九十九岁了。

Phil is 99.

他在一九二四年写过一本关于投资的书。

He wrote a book on investing in 1924.

Phil 做得非常好,因为他会找到自己喜欢的企业,然后一直持有,不会太担心它们每天在干什么。

Phil has done awfully well by finding businesses he likes and sticking with them and not worrying too much about what they do day to day.

我想,《The Wall Street Journal》会在五月二十八号发一篇关于 Phil 的文章,我建议你们都去读一读。

There's going to be an— I think there's going to be an article in The Wall Street Journal about Phil on May 28th, and I advise you all to read it.

不过你们来参加这次会议,可能会从他身上学到更多。

You'll probably learn a lot more from him by coming to this meeting.
M1
M13:07

但是——

But it—.
M2
M23:07

我可不打算念那篇文章。

I'm not going to read it.

这就是那种买企业的思路。

It's that approach of buying businesses.

我的意思是,假设根本没有股票市场,而你家乡最好的那家企业的老板来找你,对你说,你看,我兄弟刚去世,他原来持有这家公司百分之二十的股份,我想找个人和我一起把这百分之二十买下来。

I mean, let's just say there was no stock market and the owner of the best business in whatever your hometown is came to you and said, look, you know, my brother just died and he owned 20% of the business and I want somebody to go in with me to buy that 20%.

价格看起来可能是稍微高了一点,但我觉得我大概只能按这个价买到。

And the price looks a little high maybe, but this is what I think I can get for it.

那你想不想入伙?

You know, do you want to buy in?

你知道,如果你喜欢这个企业,也喜欢来找你的这个人,价格听起来也合理,而且你对这个企业确实很了解,那我觉得大概率就该买下来,不要去担心市场怎么给它报价。

You know, I think if you like the business and you like the person who's coming to you and the price sounds reasonable and you really know the business, I think probably the thing to do is to take it and don't worry about how it's quoted.

反正明天、下周、下个月,它也不会有报价。

And it won't be quoted tomorrow or next week or next month.

我觉得,如果股票一年只报价一次,人们的投资反而会更理性,不过事情不会那样发展,所以——

You know, I think people's investment would be more intelligent if, you know, stocks were quoted about once a year, but it isn't going to happen that way, so.

如果你正好在某个出了大事的时候,手上又多了一笔钱,那当然也不错。我的意思是,我们在一九六四年做得很好,是因为 American Express 碰上了一个骗子。

And if you happen to come into some added money when— at some time when something dramatic has happened, I mean, we did well back in 1964 because American Express ran into a crook.

我们在一九七六年也做得很好,是因为 GEICO 的审计师不知道前面那几年损失准备金到底该提多少。

You know, we did well in 1976 because GEICO's auditors didn't know what the loss reserves should have been the previous couple of years.

所以——所以我们也碰上过几次这种像流感疫情一样的机会,但你不该把一辈子都花在等这种机会出现上。

So— so we've had our share of flu epidemics, but you don't want to spend your life waiting around for them.

六区。

Zone 6.