← 返回任务列表

1997年股东大会 · 巴菲特:资金在伯克希尔的内部是如何运转的?

35 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 3:24
M1
M10:00

我叫 Gul Asnani。

My name is Gul Asnani.

我来自 Pennsylvania 的 Allentown。

I'm from Allentown, Pennsylvania.

我有个问题,是关于年报第四页,你们在那里谈到每股投资之类的内容。

I have a question concerning page 4 of the annual report where you talk about the investments per share, etc.
M2
M20:12

对。

Right.
M1
M10:13

我的问题是,这些经营性业务对这些有价证券,到底有多大的索取权?

And my question is, how much claim do the operating businesses have on these marketable securities?
M2
M20:21

对,我觉得那张表非常重要。我们在一定程度上就是用那张表里两栏的数据来衡量我们的进展,其中一栏显示的是每股投资,另一栏显示的是除投资以外所有业务带来的经营收益。

Yeah, well, that table is a very important table in my view, and we measure our progress to some extent by the figures in both columns of that table, one of which shows the investments per share and the other shows the operating earnings from everything other than investments.

经营性业务对任何和它们自身业务相关的资金需求,都有优先索取权。

And the operating businesses have first claim on anything that relates to their business.

我的意思是,如果 See's 要买一个新厂——它现在大概确实会这么做——或者说买一栋额外的楼,我不该说新厂——你知道,这个是优先的。

I mean, if See's is going to buy a new plant, which it probably is now—or buy an additional building, I shouldn't say a new plant—you know, that comes first.
M1
M10:56

它们——

They—.
M2
M20:57

业务在增长,这会带来一些规模效益之类的。

The business is growing, it'll produce some economies and all that.

我们会这么做,你知道,我们会尽量聪明地去做,但这个是优先的。

We do that, you know, we try and do it as intelligently as possible, but that comes first.
M1
M11:09

这个——

The—.
M2
M21:09

不过这只会用到一小部分资本。

That doesn't use but a small fraction of the capital.

所有这些需求,加起来也只会用到 Berkshire 所产生资本里的一小部分。

All of those needs don't use but a small fraction of the capital that Berkshire will generate.

这些投资大多放在保险公司里,因为流动资金主要都在那里。

The investments reside largely in insurance companies because that's where largely the liquid funds are.

很显然,它们必须保持资本实力,因为它们有巨额的未履行承诺。

They have to have capital strength, obviously, because they have huge promises outstanding.

但这些资产放在哪里,并不决定由谁来管理。

But where they reside does not determine who manages them.

Lou Simpson 具体负责管理 GEICO 的投资组合,但实际上,其他所有东西都是 Charlie 和我在管理。

Lou Simpson manages GEICO's portfolio specifically, but in effect, Charlie and I manage everything else.

所以,它们到底具体放在哪里,其实没有什么区别。

So, where they precisely reside really makes no difference.

我的意思是,它们总得放在某个地方。

I mean, they're sitting someplace.

这些钱并不是给经营管理层随意使用的。

They're not for the operating management to use in any way.

不是让他们拿去做那些偏离他们本业很远的项目;但如果任何经营性业务需要钱,你知道,我们当天就会把支票开出来。

Projects that are far afield from what they're doing, but if they need money in any operating business, you know, we'll have a check there that day.

比如说,FlightSafety 就会是一个资本投入相当大的业务。

FlightSafety, for example, will be a fairly capital-intensive business.

我的意思是,如果我们和 Boeing 的项目按我们希望的那样推进,你知道,我们就会——那里会投入相当多的钱,因为到时候,我们在全球会有更多的模拟器。

I mean, if our project with Boeing goes as we hope it goes, you know, we'll—there will be substantial money in there because there, you know, we will have many more simulators around the world.

而且我们会承担其中按比例分摊的成本。

And we'll be paying our proportional cost of it.

但他们不需要为了那一天提前把钱留在那里;如果他们是一家独立运营的公司,那就得这么做。

But they don't need to keep money around to prepare for that day, which they would if they were a standalone operation.

我们可以——钱是可以灵活调动的。

We can—money's fungible.

我们可以一直把资金进行配置,等到谁需要的时候,我们就把钱拿出来;但我们不会把钱闲置在那里,等着某个具体业务哪天需要。

We can deploy it all the time, and whenever anybody needs it, we'll come up with it, but we don't leave it around awaiting the day when some specific operation needs it.
M1
M12:44

Charlie?

Charlie?
M3
M32:48

很有可能,即使这些业务在扩张,有价证券也还会继续增长。

The odds are very good that the marketable securities will keep going up even as the businesses expand.

过去这个游戏一直就是这么运作的,我们也希望以后还能继续这样下去。

That's the way the game has worked in the past, and we hope it'll keep going that way.
M2
M23:03

我们正在做的,就是努力把这两栏里的数字都提高。

What we are doing is trying to increase the numbers in both columns.

我们没有——我们没有偏袒这个或者那个,完全不是那回事,但我们一直都在寻找能让这两栏都变得更好的事情。

We don't have any—we don't have any favoritism for this over that or anything of the sort, but we're looking all the time for things that will help both columns.

如果五年或者十年之后,这两栏都还没有显著增长,那我们会很失望。

And we'd be disappointed if 5 or 10 years from now they both haven't increased significantly.

但是,哪一栏会增长得更快,我们也不知道。

But which column will increase at the greater rate, we don't know.