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1999年股东大会 · 巴菲特:小资金投资者的回报率可以大大超越我

32 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 3:48
M1
M10:00

我叫 Howard Love。

My name is Howard Love.

我来自 San Francisco。

I'm from San Francisco.

非常感谢这整个周末,尤其是这场会议。

Thank you very much for this weekend in general and this meeting in particular.

最近您在 Wharton Business School 的一次演讲里,Buffett 先生,您提到过——您当时在讲大规模资金复利运作的难题,这一点我很理解,也很认同。

Recently at a talk at the Wharton Business School, Mr. Buffett, you indicated that— you were talking about the problems of compounding large size, which I appreciate and understand.

不过您还提到——当地报纸引用您的话说,您很有信心,如果您操作的是更接近一百万美元的一笔钱,您可以把它做到每年百分之五十的复利增长。

But you indicated— you're quoted in the local paper as saying that you are confident that if you were working with a sum closer to $1 million, that you could compound that at a 50% rate.

对于我们这些不用背负一千亿美元规模难题的人来说,您能不能谈谈,您会去看哪些类型的投资?还有,在今天的市场里,您觉得哪些地方还存在明显的低效?

For those of us who aren't saddled with the $100 billion problem, could you talk about what types of investments you'd be looking at and where in today's market you think significant inefficiencies exist?

谢谢。

Thank you.
M2
M20:43

对,我觉得那篇报道可能有一点点引述得不太准确,不过我肯定说过大致这个意思——我想我当时讲到,我每两年会跟一群人聚一次,我会问他们,如果给他们十万美元、一百万美元、一亿美元、十亿美元,还有其他不同规模的资金,他们觉得自己能把钱以什么样的回报率去复利增长。

Yeah, I think I may have been very slightly misquoted, but I certainly said something to the effect that working— I think I talked about this group I get together every 2 years and how I poll that group as to what they think they could compound money at with $100,000, $1 million, $100 million, $1 billion, and other types of sums.

我当时指出,我每隔几年会聚在一起的这大概六十来个人,他们对回报率的预期,会随着资金规模上升而非常快速地下滑。

And I pointed out how this group of 60 or so people that I get together with every couple years, how their expectations of return would go very rapidly down this slope.

这确实是真的。

It is true.

我想,我想我能说出六个人左右的名字,我觉得他们如果操作一百万美元,能够做到复利增长——或者至少说,一百万美元他们可以做到每年百分之五十的收益,而且如果他们真有这个需要的话,这是可以作为预期的。

I think I, I think I can name half a dozen people that I think could compound, uh, $1 million, or at least they could earn 50% a year on $1 million, have that as an expectation if they needed it.

当然,我的意思是——他们得把全部注意力都放在操作这笔钱上才行。

I mean, I'd have to— they'd have to get their full attention to be working on the sum.

而这些人如果去管理一亿美元或者十亿美元,就不可能再做到任何接近那个水平的回报率了。

And those people could not compound money, $100 million or $1 billion, at anything remotely like that rate.

我的意思是,市场里确实有一些很小很小的角落——如果你们还记得几年前那个 Adam Smith 采访里,我在屏幕上讲过的内容。

I mean, there, there are little tiny areas which, if you follow what I said on the screen there on that Adam Smith interview a few years ago.

如果你从 A 开始,一个一个看过去——你去看所有东西,在你自己的能力圈里,找到那些你能理解其业务的小型证券,我觉得你是可以做到的——而且偶尔你也会发现一些小小的套利机会,或者市场里这里那里的一些小缝隙。

If you start with A and you go through and you just— and you look at everything and you find small securities in your area of competence that you can understand the business, I think you could— and, and occasionally find little arbitrage situations or little wrinkles here and there in the market.

我觉得,操作非常小的一笔钱,确实有机会拿到很高的回报;但是随着资金不断复利变大,这种优势会非常快地消失。因为我觉得,你知道,从一百万美元到一千万美元,这个能力会明显大幅下降——因为确实会有一些很小很小的机会,你能找到,几乎可以确定能拿到很高的回报;但是今天在这个市场上,你找不到很多很大的机会也属于这一类。

I think working with a very small sum that there is an opportunity to earn very high returns, but that advantage disappears very rapidly as the money compounds, because I, you know, from $1 million to $10 million, I would say it would fall off dramatically in terms of the— because there are little— you find very, very small things that, you know, you can make, and you're almost certain to make high returns on, but returns on— but you don't find very big things in that category today.

我就把自己去找这些机会的乐趣留给你们吧。

I'll leave to you the fun of finding them yourselves.

毕竟,把寻宝游戏直接剧透了就太扫兴了。

I mean, terrible to spoil the treasure hunt.

而且说实话,我现在已经不再主动找这些东西了。

And the truth is, I don't look for them anymore.

偶尔我会误打误撞碰到一点,但我现在不是专门做这个的。

Every now and then I'll stumble into something just by accident, but I'm not in the business of looking for them.

我在找的是 Berkshire 能够把钱投进去的机会,而这就把刚才那类东西全都排除掉了。

I'm looking for things that Berkshire could put its money in, and that rules out all of that sort of thing.

Charlie?

Charlie?
M3
M33:05

嗯,我同意,不过我还想说,我们四十年前左右做的那些事情,在某些方面比你们将来必须做的事情要简单得多。

Well, I would agree, but I would also say that what we did 40 or so years ago was in some respects more simple than what you're going to have to do.
M2
M23:19

对。

Right.
M3
M33:20

跟你们比起来,我们当时容易太多了。

We had it very easy compared to you.

现在依然还能做到,但比以前更难了。

It can still be done, but it's harder now.

你们得懂得更多。

You have to know more.

光靠一本本翻那些 manuals,直到你找到一个市盈率只有两倍的东西。

Just sifting through the manuals until you find something that's selling at 2 times earnings.

这对你们已经不管用了。

That won't work for you.
M2
M23:41

倒也不是完全不管用,只是你根本找不到那种东西了。

It'll work, it's just you won't find any.
M3
M33:46

对。

Yeah.
M2
M23:47

请第十区提问。

Zone 10, please.