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2019年股东大会 · 优秀的基金管理人应该有哪些特质

51 段 · 4 位说话人 · 原片 6:20
M1
M10:00

大家好,我是来自 San Francisco 的 Jeff Malloy,这是我第一次参加股东大会。

Hi, I'm Jeff Malloy from San Francisco, and this is my first shareholders meeting.

Buffett 先生、Munger 先生,我今年二十七岁,我希望有一天也能像两位一样,成为非常优秀的资金管理人。

Mr. Buffett and Mr. Munger, I'm 27 years old and aspire to be a great money manager like you two one day.

我正在考虑自己成立一个投资基金。

I'm considering starting my own investment fund.

但我也明白,我还年轻,还有很多东西要学。

But I also recognize that I am young and have a lot to learn.

我想请教两位的是,你们当年是怎么判断自己已经准备好管理别人的钱了?还有,对于像我这样处境的人,你们会给什么样的总体建议?

My question to both of you is, how did you know you were ready to manage other people's money, and what general advice would you give to someone in my shoes?

谢谢。

Thank you.
M2
M20:50

嗯,这是个非常有意思的问题,因为我自己也面对过这个问题。

Well, it's a very interesting question, because I've faced that.

我有一阵子做过证券销售,但到了一九五六年五月,我从 New York 回来以后,我家里有几位亲戚——在我去 New York 工作之前,我也帮他们打理过股票——他们希望我再帮帮他们。

And I sold securities for a while, but in May of 1956, I had a number of members of my family—I'd come back from New York, and they wanted me to help them out with stocks, as I had earlier before I'd taken a job in New York.

我当时说,我不想做卖股票这个生意,但我想——我是很享受投资这件事的。

And I said I did not want to get in the stock sales business, but I wanted to—I enjoyed investing.

我也很高兴能找到一种方式来做这件事,后来我就是通过 partnership 这种形式来做的。

I was glad to figure out a way to do it, which I did through a partnership form.

但如果我觉得真的有任何可能会把钱亏掉,我是不会这么做的。

But I would not have done that if I thought there was any chance really that I would lose the money.

而且我担心的不是我自己会怎么做,我担心的是他们会怎么反应。

And what I was worried about was not how I would behave, but how they would behave.

因为我需要的是能和我步调一致的人。

Because I needed people who were in sync with me.

所以一九五六年五月,我们和七个人一起坐下来吃晚饭,这些人要么和我有亲戚关系,要么其中一个是我大学时的室友和他母亲。我把 partnership agreement 给他们看,然后我说,你们其实不用读这个。

So when we sat down for dinner in May of 1956 with seven people who either were related to me, or one was a roommate in college and his mother, and I showed them the partnership agreement, I said, you don't need to read this.

你知道,我在这个协议里不可能做任何不合适的事——你们不需要找律师来看,或者做类似那种事。

You know, there's no way that I'm doing anything in the agreement that there's any way that—you know, you don't need a lawyer to read it or anything of the sort.

但我说,这里有一些基本规则,说明我觉得自己能做什么,以及我希望别人怎么评价我。

But I said, here are the ground rules as to what I think I can do and how I want to be judged.

如果你们和我是同样的想法,我就愿意替你们管理资金,因为那样我就不用担心市场一跌你们会恐慌,或者别人跟你们说了点别的,你们就动摇了。

And if you're in sync with me, I want to manage your money because then I won't worry about the fact that you will panic if the market goes down or somebody tells you something different.

所以我们必须得在同一页上;如果我们想法一致,那我就不担心帮你们管钱。

So we have to be on the same page, and if we're on the same page, then I'm not worried about managing your money.

但如果我们想法不一致,

And if we aren't on the same page,

我就不想管理你们的钱,因为在我觉得其实更应该继续投资的时候,你们可能反而会失望,诸如此类。

I don't want to manage your money because you may be disappointed when I think that things are even better to be investing in, and so on.

所以我觉得,你自己应该先定好一套基本规则,明确你的预期是什么,什么时候他们该给你送玫瑰,什么时候他们该朝你扔砖头。

So I think you ought to have your own ground rules as to what your expectations are, when they should send you roses and when they should throw bricks at you.

而且你得和他们想法一致——这也是为什么我在 partnership 里从来没有——我们当时一个机构投资者都没有,因为——机构就意味着委员会,而委员会就意味着——

And you want to be on the same—and that's one reason I never—we didn't have a single institution in the partnership because—institutions meant committees, and committees meant that—
M3
M33:06

你有几位阿姨很信任你。

You had some aunts that trusted you.
M2
M23:08

什么?

What's that?
M3
M33:08

你有几位阿姨非常信任你。

You had some aunts who trusted you.
M2
M23:10

对,是啊,还有一位岳父把他在这个世界上的全部身家都交给了我。

Yeah, well, and a father-in-law that gave me everything he had in the world, you know.

不过,只要他愿意一直跟着我,不会因为新闻标题之类的东西就慌了,我也不介意接下他全部的身家。

But, and I didn't mind taking everything he had in the world as long as he would stick with me and wouldn't get panicked by headlines and that sort of thing.

所以,特别特别重要的一点是,你不要接受那些对你有你根本无法满足的期待的人。

And so it's very, it's enormously important that you don't take people that have expectations of you that you can't meet.

这就意味着,你得拒绝很多人。

And that means you turn down a lot of people.

这也意味着,你大概得从很小的规模开始做,然后做出一份经过审计的业绩记录。

It means you probably start very small and you get an audited record.

当你有了那种信心——就是如果连你自己的父母来找你,要把他们所有的钱都交给你,让你替他们投资,你都能有把握对他们说:我不一定能做到最好的业绩,但我可以确定,长期来看你们会拿到一个相当不错的业绩。

And when you've got the confidence where if your own parents came to you and they were going to give you all their money and you were going to invest for them, you've got the kind of confidence that you'll say, I may not get the best record, but I'll be sure that you get a decent record over time.

那时候你就算是准备好了,可以开始干这个了。

That's when you're ready to go on it.
M3
M33:58

我给你讲个故事吧,我经常把这个故事讲给那些年轻律师听,他们老来找我说,我怎么才能不做律师了,改行变成亿万富翁呢?

Let me tell you a story that I tell young lawyers who frequently come to me and say, how can I quit practicing law and become a billionaire instead?

所以我就说,这让我想起一个他们讲 Mozart 的故事。

And so I say, well, it reminds me of a story they told about Mozart.

有个年轻人去找他,说,我想写交响曲,我想跟你聊聊这件事。

A young man came to him and he said, I want to compose symphonies and I want to talk to you about that.

Mozart 就问他,你多大了?

And Mozart said, how old are you?

那个人说,二十二岁。

And the man said, 22.

Mozart 就说,你太年轻了,还写不了交响曲。

And Mozart said, you're too young to do symphonies.

那家伙就说,可是你十岁的时候就在写交响曲了。

And the guy says, but you were writing symphonies when you were 10 years old.

他说,没错,但我那时候可没有到处跑去问别人该怎么做。

He says, yes, but I wasn't running around asking other people how to do it.
M2
M24:43

Carol,祝你一切顺利。

Carol, we wish you well.
M3
M34:50

还有我们——

And we—.
M2
M24:50

其实,我们确实是真心这么想的,因为你会问这种问题,在某种程度上说明你一开始的心态就是对的。

And actually, we really do, because the fact you ask that sort of a question is, to some extent, indicative of the fact you got the right attitude going in.
M3
M34:59

想成为一个伟大的投资人,可没那么容易。

It isn't that easy to be a great investor.
F1
F15:02

在彩虹的某个彼岸,蓝鸟在那里飞翔。

Somewhere over the rainbow, bluebirds fly.

鸟儿飞过彩虹,飞吧,那只老白母鸡。

Birds fly over the rainbow, fly that old white hen.

在彩虹的某个彼岸。

Somewhere over the rainbow.

那些鸟儿,鸟儿飞过彩虹。

The birds, birds fly over the rainbow.

为什么,Toto,为什么我就不能呢?

Why, Toto, why can't I?

如果快乐的小蓝鸟能飞到彩虹的那一边,那为什么,哦,为什么我就不能呢?

If happy little bluebirds fly beyond the rainbow, why, oh, why can't I?

晚安,Susan。

Good night, Susan.