← 返回任务列表

2013年股东大会 · 未来数十年,如果股票的投资回报率很低该怎么办?

44 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 4:34
F1
F10:05

这个问题来自 Greater Twin Cities United Way 的 Benjamin Knoll。

This question is from Benjamin Knoll of Greater Twin Cities United Way.

每次 Bill Gross 写一篇关于“new normal”的新文章,我对自己退休前景的心情就更沮丧一点。

Every time Bill Gross writes a new essay on the new normal, I get more depressed about the prospects for my retirement.

你是不是也认同他的看法,认为未来几十年的市场回报,会比过去这几十年低很多?

Do you share his view that market returns in the next few decades will be much lower than in the past few?

那我们是不是也该预期,Berkshire 未来的市场回报,不光会因为它的体量受到很大限制,也会因为整体股票回报率大幅下降而受到限制?

And should we expect Berkshire's future market returns to be greatly constrained not only by its size but also by much lower equity returns overall?
M1
M10:42

对,Charlie 和我根本不去理会宏观预测。

Yeah, Charlie and I don't pay any attention to macro forecasts.

你知道,我们一起共事已经五十四年了,我想不出有哪一次,我们在对一只股票或者一家公司做决定的时候,是基于什么宏观层面的讨论——也就是说,我们会去谈宏观;而且,你知道,我们根本不清楚未来具体会是什么样。

You know, we have worked together now for 54 years, and I can't think of a time when we made a decision on a stock or on a company where a macro discussion—where we've talked about macro, and, you know, we don't know, you know, what things are going to look like in any precise way.

顺便说一句,很自然地,我们觉得如果连我们都不知道,那别人也不知道。

And incidentally, naturally, we think if we don't know, nobody else knows.

这算是我们的一点小自负吧。

That's a little conceit that we have.

所以,你知道,为什么要花时间去谈那些你其实根本不了解的东西呢?

And so we, you know, why talk—why spend time talking about something you really don't know anything about?

我的意思是,人们整天都在这么做,但这并没有什么成效。

You know, I mean, people do it all the time, but it's not very productive.

所以我们聊的是企业本身。

So we talk about the businesses.

还有,呃,我喜欢 Bill Gross。

And, uh, I like Bill Gross.

这听起来有点像 Lloyd Bentsen 当年那句“他是我的朋友”,你知道。

Sounds like Lloyd Bentsen, you know, back in the—he's a friend of mine.

呃,不过,他对未来怎么想,对我一点影响都没有。

Uh, but I don't—it doesn't make any difference to me what he thinks about the future.

任何经济学家怎么想,对我也一点影响都没有。

It doesn't make any difference to me, you know, what any economist thinks about it.

我大体上觉得,美国会继续运转得很好。而且你知道,在我整个成年的人生里,甚至在那之前,始终都有各种各样的观点,在说今年会发生什么、明年会发生什么,诸如此类,但其实没人知道。

I have a general feeling that America will continue to work well, and I don't—you know, that there's all—throughout my adult lifetime and before that, there's always been all kinds of opinions that, you know, about what's going to happen this year, next year, or anything like that, and nobody knows.

但在我看来,有些事你是可以非常非常有把握地知道的,比如说,十年后、二十年后,BNSF 运送的车皮数量会更多;他们提供的服务不会有替代品;西部会有两家重要的铁路公司,东部也会有两家重要的铁路公司;而且他们拥有的资产,重置价值高得惊人。

What you do know, with a very high degree of certainty in my view, is that BNSF will be carrying more carloads 10 years from now, 20 years from now, that there will be no substitute for the service that they provide, that there will be 2 important railroads in the West and 2 important railroads in the East, and that they will have an asset that has incredible replacement value.

没有人能再造出这样的东西,而且他们提供这些服务,也会得到合理的回报。

Nobody could turn out something like it, and that they'll get paid fairly for what they do.

这其实并不复杂。

And it's not very complicated.

因为那些你不知道、别人也不知道的预测,而去忽视你明明知道的东西,在我们看来,简直就是愚蠢。

And to ignore what you know because of predictions about what you don't know and what nobody else knows, in our view, is just plain silly.

所以,我们并不反对别人谈什么 new normal、old normal,或者介于两者之间的 normal,但这些对我们没有任何意义。

So we don't have anything against somebody talking about a new normal or an old normal or an in-between normal, but it doesn't mean anything to us.

我自己的判断是,只要别买得太贵,持有好企业的人,不管是持有十年、二十年,还是三十年,结果都会非常不错。

My own guess is that people will do very well owning good businesses if they don't pay too much for them, you know, whether they hold them for 10 years or 20 years or 30 years.

但如果他们试图通过听各种关于商业前景的预测,来挑时机买入卖出,那他们最后会让自己的 broker 赚得很好,而自己就没那么好了。

And if they try and time their purchases in some way by listening to forecasts about what's going to happen in business and try and buy and sell them, they're going to do very well for their broker and not so well for themselves.
M2
M23:34

Charlie?

Charlie?

对,不过当然了,Warren,我们手上有很多钱。

Yeah, but of course, Warren, we have a lot of money.

我们总得拿这些钱去做点什么。

We have to do something with it.

所以不管外部环境怎么样,我们都会按我们自己的方式去做。

So we're going to do our thing no matter what the external climate is.

如果你是个很忙的外科医生,正在考虑退休前要不要再多干两年,那你——你可能就会对 new normal 更感兴趣,而且这么想也是理性的。

If you're a busy surgeon and trying to decide whether to work 2 more years before you retire, then you're—you may be more interested, and rationally so, in the new normal.

我个人会建议那个人再多工作几年。

And I would personally advise the guy to work an extra couple of years.

换句话说,我某种程度上是同意 Bill Gross 的。

In other words, I kind of agree with Bill Gross.
M1
M14:06

你觉得正常情况会是什么样?

What do you think the normal is?
M2
M24:08

嗯,会比我们这一辈子经历过的要低。

Well, less than we've enjoyed in our lifetimes.

这就是新的常态。

The new normal.
M1
M14:12

那我们过去十年享受到的回报是多少?

What have we enjoyed in the last 10 years?

我的意思是,你知道,其实也没那么差。

I mean, you know, it hasn't been so bad.

对,而且也没有——也没有那么——。

No, and it hasn't been—it hasn't been so—.
M2
M24:18

你知道,跟最开始那三十年比起来,可差远了。

You know, it's not nearly as good as it was in the first 30.
M1
M14:21

对,对。

Yeah, yeah.

那你觉得,会比过去十年的平均水平还要更差吗?

And do you think it'll be worse than the average of the last 10 years?
M2
M24:27

我觉得这完全是一种有可能出现的结果。

I think that's quite a conceivable outcome.
F1
F14:29

对。

Yeah.
M1
M14:32

所以你自己选一个吧。

So take your pick.
M2
M24:33

好。

Okay.

Jonathan?

Jonathan?