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2008年股东大会 · 巴菲特的真心话:小资金投资者,有太多比买伯克希尔更好的股票选择

43 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 4:41
M1
M10:01

大家早上好。

Good morning.

我叫 Mark Rubanov,来自 Australia 的 Melbourne。

My name is Mark Rubanov from Melbourne, Australia.

我的问题是,过去十二个月里,Berkshire 在上市公司里买了很多股票。

My question is, Berkshire has bought a lot of shares over the last 12 months in listed companies.

你是否预期,这些投资在很多年里的年回报率会在百分之七到百分之十之间?我觉得这会明显低于 Berkshire 过去做到的水平。

Do you expect the return on these investments to be between 7% and 10% per annum over many years, which is, I would say, well below what Berkshire has achieved in the past?
M2
M20:39

答案是,是的。

The answer to that is yes.

这个,呃,如果我们能买到一些普通股,而且我们预期从很长一段时间来看,呃,税前,靠股息加上资本利得的组合——

The, uh, we would be very happy if we could buy common stocks where our expectation over a long period, uh, pre-tax, from a combination of dividends and capital gains—

如果我们觉得它能有百分之十,我们就会非常满意了;而且大概就算比这个稍微低一点,我们也会接受。

We'd be very happy if we thought it was going to be 10%, and we would probably settle for a little less than that.

而且毫无疑问,绝对毫无疑问,未来持有 Berkshire 的回报会低于过去。

And there's no question, absolutely no question, that returns from owning Berkshire will be less in the future than they have been in the past.

也毫无疑问,未来 Berkshire 持有这些普通股所取得的表现,不会像过去大概四十年那么好。

There's no question that we will not do as well with the common stocks at Berkshire that we own in the future as we have over the last really 40 years or thereabouts.

我们现在所操作的可交易股票范围里——我们讨论的公司,市值至少都在一百亿美元。

We operate now in a universe of marketable stocks that—where we're talking about companies with market caps of at least $10 billion.

而且在大多数情况下,要对 Berkshire 产生实质性的影响,我们谈的规模还要大得多,可能得是五百亿美元以上。

In most cases, to have a meaningful impact on Berkshire, we're talking much bigger than that, maybe $50 billion and up.

嗯,这样一个范围,跟你面对成千上万家公司、拥有整个股票宇宙的时候相比,赚钱能力就没那么强了。

Well, that universe is not as profitable a universe to operate in as if you have the entire universe of thousands and thousands of companies.

所以举个例子,如果我们发现一家公司,市值是一百亿美元,而我们能买下它的百分之五,通常这差不多就是我们在不扰动市场的情况下能买到的量,那我们就能投进去五亿美元。

So if we, if we just take an example, if we find a company with a market cap of $10 billion and we can buy 5% of it, and usually that's about what we could buy without disturbing things, we can have a $500 million investment.

假设过一段时间它翻了一倍。

Let's say it doubles over a period of time.

那就是赚五亿美元。

That's $500 million.

交百分之三十五的税之后,还剩三亿两千五百万美元。

You pay a 35% tax, you have $325 million.

换算成对 Berkshire 业绩的影响,还不到百分之零点二。

That's less than 0.2% in terms of Berkshire performance.

所以我们的可选范围已经大幅缩小了,而且,呃,在这样的范围里,我们的表现不会像如果我们是在一个更广阔的范围内运作、能够做各种各样事情时那么好,差得很远。

So our universe has shrunk enormously, and, and we will not do as well, uh, in that universe, remotely as well as we would if we were operating in a much wider universe and could do all kinds of things.

我们时不时也会找到一些小机会,赚到一点钱。

We've found little things to do from time to time where we've made some money.

我可能晚点会提到其中一两件事,呃,它们是挺不错的,但对 Berkshire 来说,起不了太大的作用。

I may refer to them a little later, a couple things, uh, and they're nice, but they don't move the needle very much at Berkshire.

所以,任何指望我们接近复制过去表现的人,都应该把股票卖掉。

So anyone that expects us to come close to replicating the past should sell their stock.

我是说,这种事不会发生。

I mean, because it isn't going to happen.

而且,你知道,我觉得随着时间推移,我们会拿到还不错的结果,呃,但不会是离谱地好的结果。

And, you know, I think we're going to get decent results over time, uh, but we're not going to get indecent results.

而在这个行业里,我们更喜欢那种离谱地好的结果,但我们拿不到。

And in this field, we prefer indecent, but we're not going to get them.
M3
M32:59

Charlie?

Charlie?

我觉得 Warren 的这些承诺,你完全可以当真。

I think you can take Warren's promises to the bank.

未来即使我们的赚钱速度远远低于过去,我们也会非常满意,我建议你也采取同样的态度。

We are very happy making money at a rate in the future that is way less than the rate at which we made money in the past, and I suggest that you adopt the same attitude.
M2
M23:23

嗯,我倒不会让他接受这个。

Well, I wouldn't condemn him to that.

我觉得如果你操作的是小笔资金,我跟——

I think if you're working with small amounts of money, I've talked to—
M3
M33:31

哦,对。

Oh yeah.
M2
M23:31

对。

Yeah.

你手里的钱,可能有比买 Berkshire 好得多的用法。

You may have something very much better to do with your money than to buy Berkshire.

呃,我是说,如果你操作的资金规模比较小,而且你愿意投入大量时间,去研究成千上万只证券,那你会找到一些比买 Berkshire 更聪明的选择。

At, uh, I mean, if you're working with small amounts of money and you want to put in significant amounts of time and examine thousands of securities, you will find things that are more intelligent to buy than Berkshire.

嗯,不过你知道,我们仍然觉得,从长期来看,Berkshire 还是一项很有吸引力的投资。

Um, you know, we still think Berkshire is an attractive investment over a long period of time.

我们觉得,拿它跟其他非常大的公司相比,它还是相当不错的。

We think that it stacks up reasonably well with other very large companies.

但我们不认为它是全世界最有吸引力的投资。因为如果你愿意把那成千上万种可能性都过一遍,你是能找到更好的——Charlie 和我很多年前就是这么做的。

We don't think it's the most attractive investment in the world in terms of what you can find if you're willing to go through those thousands of possibilities, which is what Charlie and I used to do many years ago.

现在我们没法再这么做了,而且就算这么做,对 Berkshire 也不会有什么影响。

It's not feasible for us to do it now, and it wouldn't have any impact on Berkshire.

我们在 Berkshire 真正喜欢做的,是买入那些规模够大,甚至非常大的一流企业,而且要有一流的管理层,然后就坐在那里持有着。因为这里面好的地方在于,你不用一朵花一朵花地到处采。

What we really like at Berkshire is buying good-sized to very large first-class businesses with first-class management and just sitting there, because the nice thing about that is you don't have to go from flower to flower.

你只要坐在那里,看着它们一年比一年创造出更多收益,给你带来资本,然后你就能去买更多企业。

You can just sit there and watch them produce more and more every year and give you capital, and you can buy more businesses.

这是个很好的公式。

That's a nice formula.

我觉得,这个公式对我们来说会奏效。

It's a formula that will work, I think, for us.

只是它不会带来像过去那样的回报。

It won't produce returns like the past.

第十个。

Number 10.