← 返回任务列表

2003年股东大会 · 巴芒的慈善观

50 段 · 3 位说话人 · 原片 4:59
F1
F10:00

嗨,我叫 Karen Kalish。

Hi, my name is Karen Kalish.

我来自 St. Louis,我觉得我今天应该是第一个提问的女性。

I'm from St. Louis, and I think I'm the first woman to ask a question today.
M1
M10:09

我们完全支持。

We're all for that.
F1
F10:12

我已故的叔叔 Bill Shields,在 Robert W. Baird 工作,当年在 Berkshire 股价三百三十七美元的时候,第一次替我们家买了 Berkshire。我非常感激你们二位,因为我现在能在 St. Louis 设立一个基金会,把钱捐出去,而我主要捐给阅读和识字项目。

My late uncle, Bill Shields at Robert W. Baird, first bought Berkshire for our family when it was $337, and I'm very grateful to you two because I've been able to start a foundation in St. Louis and give money away, and I give it to reading and literacy programs.

不过我特别好奇 Buffett-Munger 在慈善方面的理念和做法。

But I'm very curious about the Buffett-Munger philosophy and practice of philanthropy.
M1
M10:35

关于慈善这个问题——Charlie,你想先来回答一下吗?

The question about philanthropy— Charlie, you want to swing at that one first?
M2
M20:41

我觉得可以公平地说,我们两个人都认为,那些非常幸运的人,对整个文明社会、甚至对国家,都负有一种责任,

I think it's fair to say that both of us feel that the very fortunate owe a duty to the general civilization and even to the country,

也就是他——他所属的那个共同体。

of which he, he's a member.

你是一路上边赚边捐,还是像 Buffett 那样,一路上适度地捐,将来在适当的时候再大规模地捐,我认为这属于个人口味的问题。

Whether you give as you go along or have the Buffett system of moderate giving as you go along and immense giving in due course, I regard as a matter of personal taste.

我能理解第二种立场,因为我可不想每天把所有时间都花在应付别人来找我要钱这件事上,我觉得 Warren 也受不了。

I would understand the, the second position, in that I would hate to spend all my time every day having people ask me for money, and I don't think Warren could stand it.

呃,是吧——

Uh, is that—
M1
M11:33

咱们还是别试了。

Let's not even try.

咱们还是别试了,Charlie。

Let's not even try, Charlie.

不,不可能。

No, no way.

我的意思是,这在公开记录里一直都有,而且大概二十五年都没变过了。基本上,在我和我太太两个人中较晚去世的那一天,我拥有的一切都会捐给慈善。

I mean, it's a matter of record and hasn't changed for, I don't know, 25 years probably, but basically everything I have at the date of— the later of the death of myself or my wife goes to charity.

我是说,百分之九十九点几,而且是个相当可观的小数部分。

I mean, 99 and a significant fraction.

而且既然我的孩子们也在这儿,我就不把它精确到小数点后八位了。

And since my children are here, I'm not going to carry it out to 8 decimal places.

不过他们——你知道,为什么不呢?

But they— You know, why not?

你们可以这么想。

Think of it this way.

就假设,我不是像现在这样单胎出生,而是在子宫里时,我旁边还有一个同卵双胞胎。

Let's just assume that instead of being born as I was in a single birth, that I were in the womb and there was an identical twin next to me.

DNA 一样,什么都一样,性格一样,工作倾向一样,爱说什么也一样。

Same DNA, same everything, personality, propensity to work, propensity to say whatever.

就是同卵双胞胎。

Identical twin.

不是 Charlie。

Wasn't Charlie.

可能看起来像他,不过,呃,总之我们两个就在那儿。

It might look like him, but, uh, and there we are, the two of us.

这时候出现了一个 genie。

And a genie appeared.

然后这个 genie 说,我给你们两个一个提议。

And the genie said, I've got a proposition for the two of you.

你们会在二十四小时后出生,天赋一样,所有条件都完全一样。

You're going to be born in 24 hours, same talents, everything identical.

你们其中一个会出生在 Omaha,另一个会出生在 Bangladesh。

And one of you is going to be born in Omaha, and one of you is going to be born in Bangladesh.

而且我会让你们两个自己决定,谁出生在 Bangladesh,谁出生在 Omaha。

And I'm going to let you two decide which one gets to be born in Bangladesh and which one gets to be born in Omaha.
F1
F13:06

哎呀。

Oh, boy.
M1
M13:08

我有这么一套想法,我——我是打算这么操作的:咱们开始竞价,你们谁愿意在自己去世之后,把遗产里最高比例捐回给社会,谁就能获得投胎到 United States 的资格。

And I've got this system, and I'm— what the way I'm going to work it is that you— we start the bidding, and whichever one of you bids the highest proportion of your estate to go to society when you die gets to go be born in the United States.

我觉得你们会出到百分之百,你知道。

I think you'd bid 100%, you know.

你总会听到这些话,说什么坚毅啊、勇气啊,还有这些各种品质;还会说你这一辈子多么努力,多么用功,做成了多少了不起的事。

You hear all of this about, you know, grit and pluck and all of these things, and how, you know, you've applied yourself working all your life and you've done all these wonderful things.

可是你想想看,要是我出生在 Bangladesh,然后我走到 Main Street 上说,你知道,我是做 capital allocation 的,来,让我露两手。

Well, just imagine if I'd been born in Bangladesh, you know, and I'd walked down Main Street and said, you know, I allocate capital, you know, let me show my stuff.

那我大概早就饿死了。

You know, I'd have died of malnutrition.

我是说——我连头几个月都撑不过去。

I mean, it would— I wouldn't have made it through the first few months.

Charlie 和我所处的这个社会,我是说,我们真的是幸运得不得了。

The society that Charlie and I work in, I mean, we were luckier than hell.

我是说,在我们出生的时候,我们生在 United States 的概率,差不多是五十比一。

I mean, when we were born, the odds were 50 to 1 against us being born in the United States.

所以我们等于是中了头奖。

So we hit the jackpot.
F1
F14:01

对。

Yeah.
M1
M14:01

基本上,你知道,我们一路走来,既享受了做这些事情的乐趣,也享受了和优秀的人一起工作的乐趣;而且钱显然也会给人生打开很多门,让你接触到很多有意思的东西。

And basically, you know, we've had all of the fun of working with this and working with good people, and money obviously opens lots of doors in life to interesting things.

如果这些钱最终回到社会手里,就像 Charlie 说的,可以在人活着的时候分期回去,也可以在去世时一次性回去。

And if it goes back to society, like Charlie says, it can go back on the installment system through life, it can go back in a lump sum at death.

我某种程度上是把这两种方式混在一起了,不过我更偏重一次性回去那种。

I've mixed the two to some extent, but I weight heavily the lump sum.

但是,你知道,那本来就是它该去的地方。

But, you know, that's where it belongs.

我是说,没有任何理由让一代又一代的小 Buffett——现在的、还有下一代,甚至一百年后的——仅仅因为投对了胎,就一直掌控着社会资源。

I mean, there's no reason why little generations of little Buffetts now and the next one, you know, 100 years from now should all be commanding the resources of society just because they came out of the right womb.

你说,这算什么公平呢?

You know, what sort of justice is that?

所以归根结底,这些钱就是要回到社会。

So basically, it's going back to society.

刚才鼓掌的是我的孩子们吗?

Were my children applauding there?

我们确认过没有?

Did we check that out?

第四个问题。

Number 4.